{
  "formatVersion": 1,
  "representationStatus": "release-build-not-live-verified",
  "entityId": "nanjing-yunjin",
  "sourceIds": [
    "S06",
    "S08",
    "S30",
    "S31",
    "S48",
    "S147"
  ],
  "definition": {
    "zh": "以南京云锦木机妆花为观察入口的织造技艺，关注两人怎样在织机上配合。",
    "en": "A weaving practice explored here through Nanjing Yunjin zhuanghua, focusing on two workers coordinating on a loom."
  },
  "aliases": {
    "zh": [
      "南京云锦",
      "云锦木机妆花"
    ],
    "en": [
      "Nanjing Yunjin",
      "Yunjin brocade",
      "zhuanghua handweaving"
    ]
  },
  "facts": [
    {
      "text": {
        "zh": "国家级南京项目编号Ⅷ-13，2006年第一批；认定对象是技艺。",
        "en": "The national Nanjing record is Ⅷ-13, first batch, 2006; its subject is a practice."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S08"
      ],
      "status": "supported"
    },
    {
      "text": {
        "zh": "2026年6月报道说明挑花结本把图案转为织造指令。",
        "en": "A June 2026 report explains knotted pattern preparation as turning a design into weaving instructions."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S147"
      ],
      "status": "supported"
    }
  ],
  "faq": [
    {
      "question": {
        "zh": "这项实践是什么？",
        "en": "What is this practice?"
      },
      "answer": {
        "zh": "以南京云锦木机妆花为观察入口的织造技艺，关注两人怎样在织机上配合。",
        "en": "A weaving practice explored here through Nanjing Yunjin zhuanghua, focusing on two workers coordinating on a loom."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S08"
      ],
      "status": "supported-with-scope"
    },
    {
      "question": {
        "zh": "经线和纬线怎样区分？",
        "en": "What are warp and weft?"
      },
      "answer": {
        "zh": "经线沿布的长度方向排列，纬线横向交织；先分方向，再看织机上的配合。",
        "en": "Warp threads run along the cloth’s length; weft threads cross its width. Identify those directions before watching the workers coordinate."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S30"
      ],
      "status": "supported-with-scope"
    },
    {
      "question": {
        "zh": "初看织造应问什么？",
        "en": "What should a first-time viewer ask?"
      },
      "answer": {
        "zh": "先问谁控制图案、谁送入纬线，再问演示省略了哪些准备环节；这些问题不是商品鉴定方法。",
        "en": "Ask who controls the pattern and who inserts the weft, then which preparation stages the demonstration leaves out. These questions do not authenticate products."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S08",
        "S147"
      ],
      "status": "supported-with-scope"
    }
  ],
  "relations": [
    {
      "type": "associated-bearer",
      "targetId": "zhou-shuangxi-yunjin",
      "sourceIds": [
        "S31"
      ],
      "status": "historical-record"
    },
    {
      "type": "reading-comparison-not-origin",
      "targetId": "suzhou-embroidery",
      "sourceIds": [
        "S08",
        "S06"
      ],
      "status": "editorial-navigation"
    }
  ],
  "unknown": {
    "zh": "当期展演、课程、采访联系与图片再利用授权均未核实。",
    "en": "Current demonstrations, courses, interview contacts and permission to reuse photographs are unverified."
  },
  "reviewedAt": "2026-10-01",
  "verificationStatus": "local-documentary-pilot",
  "englishNamesStatus": "editorial-not-official",
  "historicalPeriod": {
    "status": "unknown",
    "value": null
  },
  "crossCulturalClaims": {
    "status": "unknown",
    "claims": []
  },
  "rights": {
    "editorialTextReuse": "license-not-yet-confirmed",
    "externalImages": "permission-not-confirmed",
    "audioVideo": "permission-not-confirmed",
    "interviewContacts": "unknown"
  },
  "misconceptions": [
    {
      "claim": {
        "zh": "云锦就是刺绣吗？",
        "en": "Is Yunjin simply embroidery?"
      },
      "supportedAnswer": {
        "zh": "本页讨论在织机上形成纹样的织造；不能因成品都有图案就视为同一种工艺。",
        "en": "This page concerns patterns formed through weaving on a loom; patterned objects need not share one process."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S08"
      ],
      "confusionContext": {
        "zh": "只看成品图案容易忽略织造与刺绣形成图案的不同过程。",
        "en": "A finished pattern alone hides the difference between weaving and embroidery."
      },
      "debateStatus": "not-assessed"
    },
    {
      "claim": {
        "zh": "花本是电脑软件吗？",
        "en": "Is the pattern scheme computer software?"
      },
      "supportedAnswer": {
        "zh": "报道的编程比喻用于说明指令安排，不代表它是电脑软件。",
        "en": "The programming analogy explains arranged instructions; it does not establish computer software."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S147"
      ],
      "confusionContext": {
        "zh": "编程比喻与实际电脑软件是两层不同概念。",
        "en": "A programming analogy and actual computer software are different concepts."
      },
      "debateStatus": "not-assessed"
    },
    {
      "claim": {
        "zh": "名录证明某件云锦商品出自传承人吗？",
        "en": "Does the listing prove that a product was made by a bearer?"
      },
      "supportedAnswer": {
        "zh": "技艺、人物、作品作者和销售方分别核对；此项目记录不能证明具体商品。",
        "en": "Check the practice, person, maker and seller separately; this practice record does not authenticate an item."
      },
      "sourceIds": [
        "S08"
      ],
      "confusionContext": {
        "zh": "技艺名录、人物记录与商品来源不是同一种证据。",
        "en": "A practice listing, a personal record and product provenance are different evidence."
      },
      "debateStatus": "not-assessed"
    }
  ],
  "creatorKit": {
    "intro30Seconds": {
      "zh": "看南京云锦，先看两个人怎样协作，而不只看成品的花纹。谁控制图案，谁送入横向的线？再问图案上机前怎样准备。名录认定的是技艺，不是每件商品。带着这些问题读官方资料，再看一个来源清楚的演示。",
      "en": "With Nanjing Yunjin, begin with two people working together, rather than only the finished pattern. Who controls the design, and who inserts the threads across the cloth? Ask how the pattern is prepared before weaving. A heritage listing recognises a practice, not every product. Use these questions to read the official account, then approach a clearly identified demonstration."
    },
    "durationStatus": "target-duration-not-timed",
    "intro3Minutes": {
      "zh": [
        "南京云锦的妆花织造，依靠大花楼木织机上两位工人的配合。官方项目介绍记录了拽花工与织手共同操作的方式，以及织金、库锦、库缎、妆花等品种。这里聚焦手工妆花，不把所有“云锦”商品都视为同一种制作方式。",
        "观看时，可以先问图案怎样变成花本，再问织机上的人怎样使用它。把“画出的纹样”“准备的指令”和“织出的布”分开看，比只看成品更容易提出具体问题。这是阅读与观察建议，不是制作教程，也不能据此鉴定商品。",
        "参观演示时，可先问：谁控制花纹？谁送入纬线？更换颜色时，两人的动作怎样衔接？先看协作，再看成品上的纹样，会比只记住“华丽”更具体。这是观察建议，不是鉴定清单。",
        "新华社2026年8月4日的现场报道描述：拽花工坐在织机上方，依次提起经线；织手在下方，依据提起的经线织入花纹。这里的经线，是沿织物长度方向排列的线；纬线则横向与它们交织。看两人的动作，就能把“控制花纹”和“织入花纹”联系起来。",
        "观看时，先选一小块正在形成的纹样，观察上方提线之后，下方的手怎样接续。若演示只展示其中一步，可以请讲解员指出它前后还需要什么动作，不必把一段短视频当作完整工序。",
        "了解一项技艺的延续，可以在看作品之外，再问：学习者先练哪一步？怎样得到师傅的反馈？什么时候能与另一位工匠配合完成织造？这些问题需要向实际教学者了解，不能仅凭精美成品推断。",
        "本页对应南京市申报的国家级项目：2006年第一批，编号Ⅷ-13。记录证明的是技艺项目，不能证明某件织物来自特定工坊或某位传承人。"
      ],
      "en": [
        "The zhuanghua weaving of Nanjing Yunjin (南京云锦) relies on two workers coordinating on a large wooden drawloom known as a dahualou loom (大花楼木织机). The official project account describes the pattern-control worker and the weaver operating it together, and names varieties including zhijin (织金), kujin (库锦), kuduan (库缎) and zhuanghua (妆花). This page focuses on handwoven zhuanghua; it does not treat every product labelled “Yunjin” as having the same production method.",
        "At a demonstration, ask how a drawn pattern becomes a prepared pattern scheme, then how the people on the loom use it. Looking separately at the drawing, the prepared instructions and the woven cloth helps you ask specific questions. These are reading and observation suggestions, not a production tutorial or a way to authenticate a product.",
        "Ask who controls the pattern, who inserts the weft threads, and how the two workers coordinate when changing colours. Watch their cooperation first, then look at the finished pattern: this gives you something more specific than simply remembering that it looks luxurious. These are observation suggestions, not an authentication checklist.",
        "A Xinhua field report published on 4 August 2026 describes the 拽花工, the pattern-control worker, sitting above and lifting warp threads in sequence. Below, the 织手, the weaver, works the pattern in response to the raised threads. Warp threads run along the length of the fabric; weft threads cross them across its width. Watching the two workers helps connect controlling the pattern with weaving it into the cloth.",
        "Choose a small part of the pattern as it forms. Watch how the hands below follow the lifting of threads above. If a demonstration shows only one step, ask the guide what movements come before and after it, rather than treating a short video as the complete process.",
        "To understand how a craft continues, look beyond finished works and ask: which step do learners practise first? How do they receive feedback from an experienced maker? When can they coordinate with another worker to weave together? These questions need answers from the people who teach the craft; an impressive finished piece alone cannot answer them.",
        "This page concerns the national project submitted by Nanjing: first batch, 2006, reference Ⅷ-13. The record recognises a craft practice; it cannot establish that a particular textile came from a specific workshop or representative bearer."
      ]
    },
    "shortDerivative": {
      "zh": "看南京云锦，先看两个人怎样协作，而不只看成品的花纹。谁控制图案，谁送入横向的线？再问图案上机前怎样准备。名录认定的是技艺，不是每件商品。带着这些问题读官方资料，再看一个来源清楚的演示。\n\n读完后，记下一个你想继续核对的问题，再跟随本页的官方资料；不要把自己的第一印象当作鉴定结论。",
      "en": "With Nanjing Yunjin, begin with two people working together, rather than only the finished pattern. Who controls the design, and who inserts the threads across the cloth? Ask how the pattern is prepared before weaving. A heritage listing recognises a practice, not every product. Use these questions to read the official account, then approach a clearly identified demonstration.\n\nAfter reading, keep one question you want to check and follow the official sources on this page. Do not turn your first impression into an authentication claim."
    },
    "publicationStatus": "prepared-not-distributed",
    "english3MinuteWordCount": 383,
    "introSourceIds": [
      "S08"
    ],
    "intro3MinuteSourceIds": [
      [
        "S08"
      ],
      [
        "S147"
      ],
      [
        "S08"
      ],
      [
        "S30"
      ],
      [
        "S30"
      ],
      [
        "S30"
      ],
      [
        "S08"
      ]
    ]
  },
  "definitionSourceIds": [
    "S08"
  ],
  "name": {
    "zh": "南京云锦",
    "en": "Nanjing Yunjin brocade"
  },
  "category": "craft",
  "pages": {
    "zh": "/zh/heritage/nanjing-yunjin/",
    "en": "/en/heritage/nanjing-yunjin/"
  },
  "regions": [
    {
      "id": "jiangsu",
      "name": {
        "zh": "江苏",
        "en": "Jiangsu"
      }
    }
  ],
  "recognition": [
    {
      "id": "designation-nanjing-yunjin",
      "heritageId": "nanjing-yunjin",
      "regionId": "jiangsu",
      "name": "南京云锦木机妆花手工织造技艺",
      "number": "Ⅷ-13",
      "year": 2006,
      "batch": 1,
      "subject": "cultural-practice",
      "region": "江苏省南京市",
      "sourceId": "S08",
      "nameEn": "Nanjing Yunjin zhuanghua brocade handweaving on wooden looms",
      "regionEn": "Nanjing, Jiangsu Province",
      "level": "national",
      "listName": {
        "zh": "国家级非物质文化遗产代表性项目名录",
        "en": "National representative list of intangible cultural heritage"
      },
      "publicationAuthority": "国务院",
      "announcementDate": "2006-05-20",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
      "publicationAuthorityEn": "State Council of the People’s Republic of China",
      "announcementSourceId": "S48",
      "announcementDocument": "国发〔2006〕18号"
    }
  ],
  "relatedPeople": [
    {
      "id": "zhou-shuangxi-yunjin",
      "name": {
        "zh": "周双喜",
        "en": "Zhou Shuangxi"
      },
      "practiceId": "nanjing-yunjin",
      "recognition": {
        "subject": "person",
        "level": "national",
        "number": "03-1307",
        "batch": 3,
        "practiceName": "南京云锦木机妆花手工织造技艺",
        "practiceNumber": "Ⅷ-13",
        "submittingArea": "江苏省南京市",
        "sourceId": "S31",
        "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
        "practiceNameEn": "Nanjing Yunjin zhuanghua brocade handweaving on wooden looms",
        "submittingAreaEn": "Nanjing, Jiangsu Province"
      }
    }
  ],
  "sources": [
    {
      "id": "S06",
      "title": "苏绣",
      "publisher": "中国非物质文化遗产网",
      "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/13978.html",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
      "status": "read",
      "supports": "National project identity, 2006 first batch, Ⅶ-18, Suzhou; named embroidery traditions. No present-day industry statistics. Related local record labels and submitting areas; no inferred stylistic differences from names alone.",
      "titleEn": "Suzhou embroidery",
      "publisherEn": "China Intangible Cultural Heritage Website",
      "publishedAt": null
    },
    {
      "id": "S08",
      "title": "南京云锦木机妆花手工织造技艺",
      "publisher": "中国非物质文化遗产网",
      "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/project_details/20105.html",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
      "status": "read",
      "supports": "National record identity and selected process/community description; no current statistics, individual or product certification.",
      "titleEn": "Nanjing Yunjin zhuanghua brocade handweaving on wooden looms",
      "publisherEn": "China Intangible Cultural Heritage Website",
      "publishedAt": null
    },
    {
      "id": "S30",
      "title": "文化中国行·匠心记丨南京云锦：云蒸霞蔚孔翠妆",
      "titleEn": "Culture in China · Craftsmanship: Nanjing Yunjin, clouds of colour and peacock-feather adornment",
      "publisher": "新华网（来源：新华社）",
      "publisherEn": "Xinhuanet (source: Xinhua News Agency)",
      "url": "https://www.xinhuanet.com/20260804/e7f1cdb84b884715a092fc8d0fcda3b7/c.html",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
      "status": "read",
      "supports": "2026-08-04 field report: upper worker lifting warp threads, lower worker weaving the pattern, and Zhou Shuangxi team teaching at Nanjing Mochou Secondary Vocational School. Not current booking, enrolment, product authentication or quantified productivity.",
      "publishedAt": "2026-08-04"
    },
    {
      "id": "S31",
      "title": "周双喜",
      "titleEn": "Zhou Shuangxi",
      "publisher": "中国非物质文化遗产网",
      "publisherEn": "China Intangible Cultural Heritage Website",
      "url": "https://www.ihchina.cn/ccr_detail/3055.html",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
      "status": "read",
      "supports": "Personal reference 03-1307, third batch, associated project VIII-13 and Nanjing; 1973 apprenticeship under Gu Huiyuan and research/reproduction from 1983. No current classes, sales, endorsements or product attribution.",
      "publishedAt": null
    },
    {
      "id": "S48",
      "title": "国务院关于公布第一批国家级非物质文化遗产名录的通知",
      "titleEn": "State Council notice announcing the first national list of intangible cultural heritage",
      "publisher": "文化和旅游部政府信息公开（转载国务院文件）",
      "publisherEn": "Ministry of Culture and Tourism information disclosure (reproducing a State Council document)",
      "url": "https://zwgk.mct.gov.cn/zfxxgkml/fwzwhyc/202012/t20201206_916788.html",
      "checkedAt": "2026-09-22",
      "status": "read",
      "publishedAt": "2006-05-20",
      "supports": "Document Guo Fa [2006] No.18, signed by State Council on 2006-05-20; names/numbers/localities checked for the initial 26 linked entries; Pingyao entry 401, VIII-51, Shanxi Pingyao County additionally verified in v0.2.90. Duanwu excluded from new announcement mapping because this transcription prints IX-3 versus X-3 in the project record. Does not replace project-specific source accounts."
    },
    {
      "id": "S147",
      "title": "南京云锦：彩缕千丝织碧霄",
      "titleEn": "Nanjing Yunjin: coloured threads on the loom",
      "publisher": "新华网（新华社记者李博）",
      "publisherEn": "Xinhuanet (Xinhua reporter Li Bo)",
      "url": "https://www.xinhuanet.com/photo/20260613/867fb881f76e4dce9b94cdba8622c647/c.html",
      "publishedAt": "2026-06-13",
      "checkedAt": "2026-10-01",
      "status": "read",
      "supports": "Full report and captions read. Five production stages; knotted pattern preparation connects designs to weaving instructions; photographs document a June 11 demonstration. Not a technical manual, current visiting schedule, seller credential or product authentication. English title is editorial translation. No photographs reproduced."
    }
  ],
  "sourceDateScope": "reviewedAt is editorial review; individual sources retain their actual checkedAt. Unknown or disputed fields are not verified facts."
}